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# Authentic Late 18th / Early 19th Century Hand-Crafted Copper Bed Warmer
Up for sale is a stunning, genuinely historic pre-industrial copper and brass bed
warmer (warming pan) dating from approximately 1780–1830. This is an authentic
period piece showing masterful early metalsmithing techniques, not a mid-century
decorative reproduction.
### Design Details
* **Motif:** Features an embossed fleur-de-lis emblem centered on a beautifully
domed lid with hand-punched, decorative ventilation holes.
* **Handle:** A beautifully turned long wood handle, securely fitted to the pan assembly.
### Conclusive Pre-Industrial Construction Markers:
* **Hand-Rolled Seamed Socket:** The copper collar connecting the handle is crafted
from a flat copper sheet rolled into a cone, showing a visible hand-soldered,
overlapping vertical seam.
* **Hand-Hammered Rivets:** The heavy copper mounting plate is secured with
irregular, hand-flattened copper rivets rather than modern uniform machine screws.
* **Internal Peening & Period Solder:** The interior reveals hand-peened rivet tails
reinforced with early lead/tin solder joints to withstand fireplace hot coals.
* **Integrated Hand-Rolled Hinge:** Features a primitive integrated rolled-sleeve
hinge seamlessly built directly into the lid and rim metal.
### Condition:
Excellent antique condition with rich structural integrity. The handle attachment is
firm and solid. Features a stunning, entirely natural historic green verdigris patina
and oxidation around the seams, joints, and vent piercings. No major dents or structural
damage. Unpolished to preserve historic value for collectors.
*Please see all photos for detailed close-ups of the craftsmanship and condition markers.*
