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ACCEPTABLE OR BETTER CONDITION. SEE DESCRIPTION AND PHOTOS.
ITEM : 1918 WWI CAMP DEVENS ARMY 12th DIVISION PANORAMIC PHOTO VINTAGE ORIGINAL . The bottom right states the photo was made by George H Russell of Lowell Massachusetts.
THE TITLE READS “ REVIEW OF 12th DIVISION BY MAJOR GENERAL HENRY ( PINCKNEY ) McCAIN SEPTEMBER 14, 1919 CAMP DEVENS.” HP McCAIN IS ONE OF SEVERAL IN HIS FAMILY WHO BECAME MILITARY HEROES, INCLUDING JOHN, THE ARIZONA SENATOR, WHO RAN FOR PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IN 2008.
MEASURES APPROXIMATELY: 28” x 7”
Fort Devens is a United States Army Reserve military installation in the towns of Ayer and Shirley, in Middlesex County and Harvard in Worcester County in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Due to extensive environmental contamination it was listed as a superfund site in 1989. Most of the fort's land was sold off in 1996, but the cantonment area of the post was retained by the Army as the Devens Reserve Forces Training Area (RFTA). Fort Devens was reactivated in May 2007, though no units of active Army have been located there. The Devens Range Complex operates on property in Lancaster, south of Route 2, for live-fire training with small arms, machine guns, grenades, and rockets.[1]
In 2011, the fort had a population of 306 enlisted personnel, 2,151 reservists, 348 civilians, and 1,399 family members, and maintained 25 ranges, 21 training areas, and 15 maneuver areas on nearly 5,000 acres (20 km2) of land. It was home to the United States Army Base Camp Systems Integration Laboratory as well as the United States Army System Integration Laboratory.[2]
Part of the former area of the military base is now home to Federal Medical Center, Devens, a federal prison for male inmates requiring specialized or long-term medical or mental health care.[3]
History[edit]
Establishment during World War I[edit]
Camp Devens, named after jurist and Civil War general Charles Devens, was established on September 5, 1917, as a temporary cantonment for training soldiers during World War I. About 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) of land was leased then later purchased from 112 owners who sold 230 parcels of land in the towns of Ayer, Harvard, Lancaster and Shirley by the federal government. Some was fine farmland along the Nashua River and other was "sprout" land where trees had been cut leaving stumps.
The Fort's siting was due primarily to its location at a major hub of the rail network in New England. Construction, by the largest labor force assembled in the United States, to build an entire city for 10,000 requiring barracks, training buildings, water and sewer systems, raced at the rate of 10.4 new buildings every day.[citation needed] It was a reception center for war selectees and became a demobilization center after the war. As one of 16 temporary cantonments, Camp Devens processed and trained more than 100,000 soldiers.[citation needed] Three divisions (the 12th, the 26th and the 76th) were activated and trained at Devens during the war.[4] Approximately 850 soldiers, mostly privates, died at the camp during 1918 from the Spanish flu.[5] In 1918, it became a separation center for over 150,000 troops upon their return from France.[citation needed] Put on inactive status, it served next as a summer training camp for National Guardsmen, Reservists and ROTC cadets.[citation needed]
Robert Goddard briefly used the post for his rocket operations in 1929.
Following years of debate regarding preparedness for another global war, passage of the National Defense Act in 1920 established an important role for the citizen army. Appropriations were made for permanent construction of buildings in 1927 but the stock market crash nearly called a halt. Congresswoman Edith Nourse Rogers, of Lowell, recognized the economic significance of Camp Devens to this largely agricultural community. Through her efforts, Camp Devens became Fort Devens, a permanent US Army post in 1931. However, during the depression, construction was slow; most of the work was done by the Works Progress Administration.[6] A few years later, Fort Devens Army Airfield was established.
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